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Autism Spectrum Disorder Measures
Last updated on Jun 29, 2020 in CAR Autism Roadmap™
There are a variety of tools for measuring symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) that have been developed and published. Some were designed to help with screening and/or diagnosis, while others were developed for gathering clinical information about individuals with a known diagnosis of ASD. The following table outlines the large variety of ASD tests available. Those having to do with screening and diagnosis that are commercially available (or widely adopted by being freely available on the Internet) are also individually reviewed elsewhere in the CAR Autism Roadmap™.
Screening or Diagnostic Measures
| Name | Authors | Format | Publisher |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asperger Syndrome Diagnostic Scale (ASDS) | Miles et al., 2001 | Questionnaire | Pro-Ed, Inc. |
| Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC; part of the ASIEP below) | Krug et al., 1978 | Questionnaire | Pro-Ed, Inc. |
| Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised (ADI-R) | LeCouteur et al., 2003 | Semi-structured Interview | Western Psychological Services |
| Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, 2nd Edition (ADOS-2) | Lord et al., 2012 | Direct Assessment | Western Psychological Services |
| Autism Observation Scale for Infants (AOSI) | Bryson et al., 2007 | Direct Assessment | Not commercially available |
| Autism Spectrum Rating Scale | Goldstein & Naglieri 2010 | Questionnaire |
Western Psychological Services, Pearson |
| Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ) | Ehlers et al., 1999 | Questionnaire | Not commercially available |
| Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (CHAT) | Baron-Cohen et al., 1992 | Questionnaire and Direct Assessment | Not commercially available |
| Childhood Autism Rating Scale – Second Edition (CARS2) | Schopler et al., 2010 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
| Early Screening for Autism and Communication Disorders (ESAC) | Wetherby et al., 2009 | Questionnaire | Not commercially available |
| Early Screening of Autistic Traits (ESAT) | Dietz et al., 2006 | Questionnaire | Not commercially available |
| Gilliam Asperger Disorder Scale (GADS) | Gilliam 2001 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
| Gilliam Autism Rating Scale, 3rd Edition (GARS-3) | Gilliam 2013 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
| Infant Toddler Checklist (ITC) | Wetherby & Prizant 2002 | Questionnaire | Brookes Publishing Co., and freely available on the Internet |
| Krug Asperger's Disorder Index (KADI) | Krug and Arick, 2003 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
| Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers, Revised with Follow Up (M-CHAT-R/F) | Robins et al., 2009 | Questionnaire | Freely available on the Internet |
| Pervasive Developmental Disorders Screening Test – II (PDDST-II) | Siegel (2004) | Series of Questionnaires | Pearson |
| Screening Tool for Autism in Two-Year-Olds (STAT) | Stone et al., 2000 | Direct Assessment | VU e-Innovations (Vanderbilt University) |
| Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ) | Rutter et al., 2003 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
| Social Responsiveness Scale, 2nd Edition (SRS-2) | Constantino 2012 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
Measures of Comorbid Difficulties
| Name | Authors | Format | Publisher |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aberrant Behavior Checklist, 2nd Edition (ABC-2) | Aman and Singh, 2017 | Questionnaire |
Slosson Educational Publications Stoelting Co. |
| Autism Comorbidity Interview – Present and Lifetime Versions (ACI-PL) | Leyfer et al., 2006 | Semi-structured Parent Interview | Not commercially available |
| Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (BITSEA) | Briggs-Gowan et al., 2004 | Questionnaire | Mapi Research Trust |
| Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) | Achenbach and Rescorla 2000 | Questionnaire | Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment |
| Developmental Behavior Checklist, 2nd Edition (DBC-2) | Gray et al., 2018 | Questionnaire | Western Psychological Services |
| Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (ITSEA) | Briggs-Gowan and Carter, 1998 | Questionnaire | Mapi Research Trust |
| Psychopathology in Autism Checklist (PAC) | Helverschou et al., 2009 | Questionnaire | Not commercially available |
Autism-specific Educational Assessments
| Name | Authors | Format | Publisher |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autism Screening Instrument for Educational Planning, 3rd Edition (ASIEP-3) | Krug et al., 2008 | Questionnaire and Direct Assessment |
Pro-Ed, Inc. Western Psychological Services |
| Psychoeducational Profile, 3rd Edition (PEP-3) | Schopler et al., 2005 | Direct Assessment |
Pro-Ed, Inc. Western Psychological Services |
| TEACCH Transition Assessment Profile (T-TAP) | Mesibov et al., 2007 | Direct Assessment | Pro-Ed, Inc. |
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The Center for Autism Research and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia do not endorse or recommend any specific person or organization or form of treatment. The information included within the CAR Autism Roadmap™ and CAR Resource Directory™ should not be considered medical advice and should serve only as a guide to resources publicly and privately available. Choosing a treatment, course of action, and/or a resource is a personal decision, which should take into account each individual's and family's particular circumstances.